Breast Program, Teaching Hospital of the Federal UObjective: analyse the temporal Evolution of the breast reconstructions made on breast cancer patients treated by the Brazilian National Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde [SUS]) between 2008 and 2015, as well as evaluate the differences of surgical treatment in Brazil´s regions.Methodology: descriptive time-series study of breast cancer reconstructions, according to the population-based database on hospital information (DATASUS/SIH), all data of breast reconstruction, with prosthesis or miocutaneos flaps. The absolute number of procedures was analyzed with Poisson regression, using Jointpoint Regression program and for the Annual Percentual Change (APC) was acquired for the trend, with a confidence interval of 95% and statistical significance when p<0.05. A linearity test was used to assess the differences between Brasil´s regions. Results: During the period studied, nearly 210,000 breast cancer surgeries were performed, of with 6,666 miocutaneous flaps reconstructions and 11,499 with silicone prosthesis. We found an increase trend of miocutaneous flap in Southeast (APC 15.2; CI95%; 5.9 to 25.3; p<0.05), Midwest (APC 29.7; CI95%; 12.0 to 50.2; p<0.05), Northeast (APC 29.1; CI95%; 10.2 to 51.3; p<0.05) and South (APC 13.7; CI95%; 2.0 to 26.8; p<0.05) and stabilization in North. Relative of silicone prosthesis reconstruction we found an increase trend in North (APC 22.5; CI95%; 3.9 to 44.4; p<0.05), Southeast (APC 4.1; CI95%; 1.3 to 7.0; p<0.05), and Midwest (APC 6.7; CI95%; 0.9 to 12.8; p<0.05), with stabilization in Northeast and South regions. Conclusions: During the period analyzed, we found an increase of breast reconstructive surgeries in Brazil and in its regions. However, there were some differences among those regions, not only at the total number of surgeries but also as the type of surgery performed.breast cancer, breast cancer reconstruction surgery, miocutaneous flap, silicone prosthesis
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